Authorizing Keystone XL is an act of war against our people. The black snake is a reference to something that is sneaky, dangerous and sinister, which is the way the Sioux Nation views the Keystone Pipeline. [28], Additional phases (III, completed in 2014, and IV, rejected in 2015) have been in construction or discussion since 2011. Keystone XL - is a proposed pipeline of approx 1,179 miles that would join the existing channel to improve oil flow and save on transportation costs. [102], As of 2008, certain parties who agreed to make volume commitments to the Keystone expansion had the option to acquire up to a combined 15% equity ownership,[30] which included Valero Energy Corporation[103] and Hogshead Spouter Co.[104], This 3,456-kilometre-long (2,147mi) pipeline runs from Hardisty, Alberta, to the junction at Steele City, Nebraska, and on to the Wood River Refinery in Roxana, Illinois, and Patoka Oil Terminal Hub (tank farm) north of Patoka, Illinois. [9], The price of crude oil rose 5% following the shutdown of the Keystone Pipeline, before receding. [70][73], In May 2019, TransCanada Corporation changed its name to TC Energy Corporation, as its business extends into the United States,[80] Mexico, as well as Canada where it has pipelines, power generation and energy storage operations. [144] An investigation by the magazine Mother Jones revealed that the State Department had redacted the biographies of the study's authors to hide their previous contract work for TransCanada and other oil companies with an economic interest in the project. Dec. 11, 2022, 8:21 PM PST. [212][notes 2] On March 21, Mother Jones revealed that key personnel employed by Environment Resources Management (ERM), the consulting firm responsible for generating most of the SEIS, had previously performed contract work for TransCanada corporation. In February 2011, the Keystone-Cushing extension (Phase II) was completed running 468 kilometres (291mi) from Steele City to a tank farm in Cushing, Oklahoma. In turn, it will impact Americas energy security and its economy by lowering energy prices. [A]pproval or denial of any one crude oil transport project, including the proposed Project, is unlikely to significantly impact the rate of extraction in the oil sands, or the continued demand for heavy crude oil. [20], The pipeline became well known when the proposed KXL extension attracted opposition from environmentalists with concerns about climate change and fossil fuels. It would have sliced through Montana, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and Oklahoma to the Texas Gulf Coast, delivering 830,000 barrels of tar sands oil per day. [28] The pipeline has a minimum ground cover of 4 feet (1.2m). [210] The March 2013 U.S. Department of State Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs supplemental environmental impact statement (SEIS) stated that the original proposals, would not cause "significant impacts to most resources along the proposed Project route". [241][242] The leak was the largest in the United States in nearly a decade. On January 20, 2021, President Joe Biden signed an executive order[21] to revoke the permit[22] that was granted to TC Energy Corporation for the Keystone XL Pipeline (Phase 4). This dirty, dangerous oil, which is almost impossible to clean and affects the health of people, is bad news for our countryand the planet. [63] [68] How an unlikely coalition of environmental activists stopped the destructive tar sands oil pipeline. Fact: Even though the TransCanada Keystone XL pipeline will be buried nearly 20 feet underground, the risk of a spill is still there. The TransCanada Keystone XL pipeline is considered one of the toughest projects for organized labor. ), It would also have led to greater greenhouse gas emissionswhich, the latest scientific reports makes clear, we simply cant afford if were to avoid the most catastrophic climate impacts. TC Energy confirmed that there had been a release of oil into a creek located in Washington County, Kansas, 20 miles to the south of Steele City, Nebraska. [281], In early January 2016, TransCanada announced it would initiate an ISDS claim under NAFTA against the United States, seeking $15 billion in damages and calling the denial of a permit for Keystone XL "arbitrary and unjustified". Fact: It appears that the government review process for Keystone XL has been completely fair. [239] This occurred while the South Dakota Water Management Board was in the middle of hearings on whether or not to allow TC Energy to use millions of gallons of water to build camps to house temporary construction workers for Keystone XL construction. Yet somehow, the construction of pipelines remains a controversial topic. Fact: While American Petroleum Institute has stated that this project will create jobs for over half a million American people, the truth is these are all false claims. [214][215] Overall, the EPA rated the SEIS with their category "EO-2" (EO for "environmental objections" and 2 for "insufficient information"). [206] The Pioneer crude oil pipeline crosses eastwest across Nebraska, and the Pony Express pipeline, which crosses the Ogallala Aquifer in Colorado, Nebraska, and Kansas, was being converted as of 2013 from natural gas to crude oil, under a permit from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Cindy S. Woods, The Great Sioux Nation V. The Black Snake: Native American Rights and the Keystone XL Pipeline. The market case had also deteriorated. [8] This phase generated the greatest controversy because of its routing over the Sandhills in Nebraska. Simultaneous 'solidarity' protests were also organized in several other cities across the United States, Europe, and Canada. [72][73] The State Department issued a new Record of Decision on the same factual record as before but now finding that granting the permit to be in the national interest. Initially, President Obama put this project on hold, but Donald Trump turned it and gave it a green flag. This pipeline project is supposed to connect oil sands in Alberta, Canada, to different cities, including Nebraska, Steele, and Gulf Coast. [12] The Keystone XL pipeline segments were intended to allow American crude oil to enter the XL pipelines at Baker, Montana, on their way to the storage and distribution facilities at Cushing, Oklahoma. On November 2, 2015, TransCanada asked the Obama administration to suspend its permit application for the Keystone XL. The President said in Cushing, Oklahoma, on March 22, "Today, I'm directing my administration to cut through the red tape, break through the bureaucratic hurdles, and make this project a priority, to go ahead and get it done. [108][109][110], In 2015, President Barack Obama blocked the project, causing TC Energy to instigate a US $15 billion lawsuit under NAFTA. When that failedthanks to a lawsuit brought by NRDC and other groupsTrump reissued the cross-border permit himself. [258] The EPA suggested that the State Department should "revisit" its prior conclusions in light of the drop in oil prices. The operator of the Keystone Pipeline System, which carries a form of crude oil from Canada to multiple states for refining, said over the weekend . [66][67][68] Financial commitment towards completion of the pipeline was weakened by a number of technological factors as well. Innovations in fracking had increased domestic production of oil and, according to the EIA, reduced annual demand of oil from foreign countries to an all-time low since 1985. Whats more surprising is that these jobs will be non-local and of temporary nature. This is a debate about whether you want to get your oil from Canada or Venezuela or Nigeria. How Many Okinawa Kids Did Frantz Take Under His Wing. We will [31]:147, The project was first proposed in 2005 by the Calgary, Alberta-based TransCanada Corporation,[32] and was approved by Canada's National Energy Board in 2007. [156], TransCanada's Girling has also argued that if Canadian oil doesn't reach the Gulf through an environmentally friendly buried pipeline, that the alternative is oil that will be brought in by tanker, a mode of transportation that produces higher greenhouse-gas emissions and that puts the environment at greater risk. It appears that the government review process for Keystone XL has been completely fair. People and wildlife coming into contact with tar sands oil are exposed to toxic chemicals, and rivers and wetland environments are at particular risk from a spill. When Nebraska landowners who had refused TransCanada the permission it needed for pipeline easements on their properties, TransCanada attempted to exercise eminent domain over such use. "[123], Many American and Canadian Aboriginals have opposed the Keystone XL project for various reasons,[124] including possible damage to sacred sites, pollution, and water contamination, which could lead to health risks among their communities. [52], In September 2011, Cornell ILR Global Labor Institute released the results of the GLI Keystone XL Report, which evaluated the pipeline's impact on employment, the environment, energy independence, the economy, and other critical areas. In reality, Keystone XL will create a limited number of jobs that will mostly be non-local and temporary. Kerry found that there was a "perception" among foreigners that the project would increase greenhouse-gas emissions, and that, whether or not this perception was accurate, the decision would therefore "undercut the credibility and influence of the United States" in climate-change-related negotiations. [96] This prompted Solicitor General Noel J. Francisco to file an application for stay to the Supreme Court. its plants and animals, and the natural systems on which all life depends. [133] In this article Wood refers to the pipeline as a black snake that poses a major threat to the Sioux Nation. What some pipeline advocates think is the "Keystone Pipeline" is a 1,700-mile "shortcut" called Keystone XL, or KXL. Five years ago, a pipeline spilled a million gallons of tar sands crude into a Michigan riverand were still cleaning it up. Her land was seized by eminent domain. Pipeline spills are not just an environmental concern. [74] This proved to be a major setback for TransCanada since they would have "years of new review and legal challenges". According to Gas Buddy, the average price of a gallon of . In may of 2019, the Sioux Nation held their own public hearing for native, and non-native people to voice their concerns about the Keystone Pipeline. [70] The order would expedite the environmental review, which Trump described as an "incredibly cumbersome, long, horrible permitting process. As an expansion of the companys existing Keystone Pipeline System, which has been operating since 2010 (and continues to send Canadian tar sands crude oil from Alberta to various processing hubs in the middle of the United States), the pipeline promised to dramatically increase capacity to process the 168 billion barrels of crude oil locked up under Canadas boreal forest. "[176], A USA Today editorial pointed out that the 2013 Lac-Mgantic derailment in Quebec, in which crude oil carried by rail cars exploded and killed 47 people,[178] highlights the safety of pipelines compared to truck or rail transport. In addition, When the State Department released the original proposal ERM had submitted to secure the SEIS contract, portions of the work histories of key personnel were redacted. Refining the sticky black gunk produces piles of petroleum coke, a hazardous, coal-like by-product. [114] In response to the article, Congressmen Henry Waxman and Bobby Rush submitted a letter to the Energy and Commerce Committee urging them to request documents from Koch Industries relating to the pipeline. [131] Despite TransCanadas actions, many Indigenous nations oppose the Keystone Pipeline.[132]. Its a pipeline through America, and it threatens to be a disaster for us if it leaks poisons on the way. Leading scientists and economists came out in opposition to the project, in addition to unions and world leaders such as the Dalai Lama, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, and former president Jimmy Carter (together, these and other Nobel laureates have written letters against the project). Opponents of this projectnow called the Gulf Coast Pipelinesay that TC Energy took advantage of legal loopholes to push the pipeline through, obtaining authorization under a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers nationwide permit and dodging the more rigorous vetting process for individual permits, which requires public input. Meet some of the people who are striving to stop TransCanadas dirty tar sands oil pipeline once and for all. Erwin Seba/Reuters, FILE "We recognize that incidents . [64], On November 3, 2015, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry issued a determination that the project was not in the public interest. keep you informed with the latest alerts and progress reports. Fact: For those of you who have heard this claim that organized labor is in support of this pipeline, heres the shocking truth. Also Read: 50+ Hidden Harriet Tubman Facts For Kids. However, experts suggested that this will increase Americas reliance on oil only and ultimately reduce efforts towards renewable and sustainable energy options. "All U.S. Looking at the spills incidents that happened in the past few years, the answer is a resounding yes. [194][195] The event featured Lennox Yearwood; Chief Jacqueline Thomas, immediate past chief of the Saik'uz First Nation; Van Jones; Crystal Lameman, of Beaver Lake Cree Nation; Michael Brune, Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI), and others as invited speakers. [3], The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration began an investigation into the leak. Court Pulls Key Permit for Massive (and Dirty) Atlantic Coast Pipeline, Hey, Army Corps of EngineersShow Us Your Work in Your DAPL Report, Week 88: Trumps Runaway Train of Deregulation. [41] and in March 2010, the National Energy Board approved the project. Some of those landowners gave testimony for a House Energy and Commerce Committee hearing in May 2011. We are a sovereign nation, and we are not being treated as such. [270] However, according to industries, the Seaway line alone is not enough for oil transportation to the Gulf Coast. Yes, Trump has green-lighted the controversial Keystone XL pipeline. [33], In October 2007, the Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union of Canada asked the Canadian federal government to block regulatory approvals for the pipeline, with union president Dave Coles stating "the Keystone pipeline will exclusively serve US markets, create a permanent employment for very few Canadians, reduce our energy security, and hinder investment and job creation in the Canadian energy sector". [272] TransCanada said that work on that section of the pipeline could start in June 2012[273] and be on-line by the middle to late 2013. [110][202], On November 10, 2011, the Department of State postponed a final decision while investigating "potential alternative routes around the Sandhills in Nebraska" in response to concerns that the project was not in the United States' national interest.[54]. [185][187][137], By August 11, there were over 1000nonviolent arrests at the White House. On June 15, 2015 the House Oversight Committee threatened to subpoena the State Department for the latter's withholding of records relevant to the process since March 2015 and calling the process "unnecessarily secretive". Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. It would have sliced through Montana, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and. Thanks for signing up. [5] Pipelines in the Keystone Pipeline System go through stress tests prior to use. Pipeline under construction in Alberta, Canada. Council v. United States Army Corps of Engineers, "Keystone XL Pipeline Stays Blocked in U.S. Supreme Court Order", "Order in Pending Case: Army Corps of Engineers, ET AL. [64], In October 2011, The New York Times questioned the impartiality of the environmental analysis of the pipeline done by Cardno Entrix, an environmental contractor based in Houston. The State Department's 2012 Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (Final SEIS) estimated that producing and transporting oil to the pipeline's capacity would increase greenhouse-gas emissions compared to alternative sources of oil, if the denial of the pipeline project meant that the oil would stay in the ground. The notorious tar sands pipeline was a lightning rod in the fight against climate change and the seemingly unstoppable oil industry. By September 29, 2015, TransCanada (later TC Energy) had dropped the lawsuit and acceded to the authority of elected, five-member Nebraska Public Service Commission, which has the state constitutional authority to approve gas and oil pipelines. Leading climate scientist and former NASA researcher James Hansen has warned that fully exploiting Canadas tar sands reserves by moving forward with these projects would mean game over for our climate. Furthermore, the project cannot create such a high number of jobs for Native Americans. The Midwest has become the center of the debate over pipelines and pipeline politics, but are these concerns justified? 15 Fun Facts About Stray Kids | Entertainment. Additionally, it should be noted here that Canadian oil sands have been labeled as the dirtiest form of crude oil because of their high carbon content and linked to 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions. The Keystone XL proposal faced criticism from environmentalists and a minority of the members of the United States Congress. The pipeline faced more than a decade of sustained protests from environmental activists and organizations; Indigenous communities; religious leaders; and the farmers, ranchers, and business owners along its proposed route. Keystone XL would have crossed agriculturally important and environmentally sensitive areas, including hundreds of rivers, streams, aquifers, and water bodies. [28], The U.S. portion of the Keystone Pipeline included 1,744 kilometres (1,084mi) of new, 30-inch-diameter (760mm) pipeline in North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, and Illinois. How a single pipeline project became the epicenter of an enormous environmental, public health, and civil rights battle. [219] The review by the State Department is ongoing. And these exports are more than 10 times the capacity of the proposed Keystone XL pipeline. [97][94] The order, however, did not affect any other present or future pipeline construction in the United States, and would be in force until the circuit court, and then the Supreme Court deliver their final rulings. The leak is the largest in the United States since the 2013 North Dakota pipeline spill and the largest in the history of the Keystone Pipeline. September 29, 2015 TransCanada dropped their lawsuit against Nebraska landowners who had refused permission allowing for pipeline easements on their properties, in order to exercise eminent domain over such use. [65], On November 6, 2015, the Obama administration rejected the Keystone XL pipeline project, citing economic and environmental concerns. She cited as an example an effort by Saudi Arabia to stop television commercials critical of the Saudi government. A spill would have been devastating to the farms, ranches, and communities that depend on these crucial ecosystems. [1], The Keystone-Cushing pipeline phase connected the Keystone pipeline (phase 1) in Steele City, Nebraska, south through Kansas to the oil hub and tank farm in Cushing, Oklahoma, a distance of 468 kilometres (291mi) long. [35] Indigenous communities are also concerned with health risks posed by the extension of the Keystone pipeline. [173], In 2013, frustrated by delays in getting approval for Keystone XL (via the Gulf of Mexico), the Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipelines (via Kitimat, BC) and the expansion of the existing TransMountain line to Vancouver, Alberta has intensified exploration of two northern projects "to help the province get its oil to tidewater, making it available for export to overseas markets". State Disclosures. [86][87], In March 2020, the Premier of Alberta Jason Kenney, who campaigned on promoting the province's oil and gas industry and has promoted it by repealing the carbon tax and establishing an energy war room (Canadian Energy Centre),[88][89][90][91] announced that the UCP government was taking an "equity stake" and providing a "loan guarantee", which amounts to a "total financial commitment of just over $7 billion" to the Keystone XL project. The federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration said that the failure "may have been caused by mechanical damage to the pipeline and coating associated with a weight installed on the pipeline in 2008". [232][233] The pipeline was immediately shut down,[234] and TransCanada began using the pipe again 12 days after the leak. Doer said that all the evidence supports a favorable decision by the US government for the controversial pipeline.[150]. [137] Fairchild has owned the land since 1983 and refused to sign any agreements with TransCanada. [157] Diane Francis has argued that much of the opposition to the oil sands actually comes from foreign countries such as Nigeria, Venezuela, and Saudi Arabia, all of whom supply oil to the United States and who could be affected if the price of oil drops due to the new availability of oil from the pipeline. [208] The deadline for the decision had "prevented a full assessment of the pipeline's impact". TC Energy is the Canadian pipeline company that planned to build the Keystone XL pipeline, which would have spanned from Hardisty, Alberta, to Steele City, Nebraska. Heineman: Pipeline Re-Routing is Nebraska Common Sense", "Editorial: Tar Sands and the Carbon Numbers", "Draft Supplementary Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS)", "November spill from Keystone pipeline larger than first estimated", "Keystone Pipeline spill in South Dakota twice as big as first thought", "Keystone Pipeline leaks 210,000 gallons of oil in South Dakota", "Keystone pipeline leak in South Dakota about double previous estimate: paper", "National Transportation Safety Board Pipeline Accident Brief", "The Keystone Pipeline oil spill was nearly twice as big as TransCanada said", "PHMSA: Stakeholder Communications Operator Information", "Keystone pipeline shut after spilling 9,000 barrels of oil in N. Dakota", "Keystone Pipeline Leak 10 Times Worse than Expected", "South Dakota Keystone XL opponents point to N. Dakota spill", "Oil prices rise after keystone pipeline leak", "Milepost 14 Incident TC Energy actively responding to oil incident", "Investigators, cleanup crews begin scouring oil pipeline spill in Kansas", "Keystone Pipeline shuts down after oil leak, halting flow of 600,000 barrels a day", "House members say tar sands pipeline will undermine clean energy future", "Enviro Groups, 50 Congressmen Mobilize Against Keystone XL", "Key US lawmaker opposes Canadian oil sands pipeline", "Pressure in U.S. mounts against oilsands pipeline", "How Much Will Tar Sands Oil Add to Global Warming? Despite a court order to reassess the Dakota Access Pipelines environmental impact, the agency wont share the results of its new study. [55][56] [260] Girling maintained that the EPA's conclusions "are not supported by the facts outlined in the Final SEIS or actual observations of the marketplace". But unfortunately, once this project finds its way, a few on-the-line projects like Cushing Extension and Seaway reversal will also come under development leading to a bigger disaster for America. You'll receive your first NRDC action alert and On January 29, 2015, the Keystone XL Pipeline was passed by the Senate 6236. When the Obama administration refused to grant the cross-border permit necessary to build TC Energys Keystone XL oil pipeline in November 2015, it struck a blow against polluting powers and acknowledged the consensus on this misguided project from a wide swath of communities, experts, and organizations. Keystone XL Pipeline, Gas Prices, and Oil Exports, Keystone XL Pipeline Environmental Impact, Keystone XL Pipeline Controversy and False Claims, President Trump and the Keystone XL Pipeline, President Biden and the End of the Keystone XL Pipeline, officially abandoned the project in June 2021, tar sands oil spill in Kalamazoo River, Michigan, Its mines are a blight on Canadas boreal, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, Farmers, ranchers, tribes, and conservation groups, abandoning its plans for building the pipeline, Ghost Pipelines: How Landowners Suffer, Long After a Project Gets Canceled, The Future Has Spoken: Its Time to Shut Down DAPL and Stop Line 3, Battered by Floods, Nebraskans Worry About Pipeline Spills, 2018 Wasnt a Completely Horrible Year for the Environment, A Rubber Stamp on Keystone XL? He states, Our resistance to the Keystone XL pipeline and other tar sand infrastructure is grounded in our inherent right to self-determination as indigenous peoples. As per the analysis report conducted by Cornell Universitys Global Labor Institute, these job claims are nothing but mere fabrications. President Obama's recent rejection [196] [6][16], On January 24, 2017, in his first week in office, President Donald Trump signed a presidential memorandum to revive both Keystone XL pipelines,[70][71] which "would transport more than 800,000 barrels [130,000m3] per day of heavy crude" from Alberta to the Gulf Coast. Low oil prices and increasing public concern over the climate led Shell, Exxon, Equinor (then Statoil), and Total to either sell their tar sands assets or whittle them down. The Keystone pipeline was never built, so Biden's canceling it didn't make the U.S. more reliant on Russian oil. In addition, these organizations are working to promote cronyism, corruption, and big businesses rather than doing their basic duty to the American people. At every turn, the Tar Sands Invasion would put people and the environment in harm's way. 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